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Topic: Who were the Hebrews?
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epouraniois
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H5676
עבר
‛êber
ay'-ber
From H5674; properly a region across; but used only adverbially (with or without a preposition) on the opposite side (especially of the Jordan; usually meaning the east): - X against, beyond, by, X from, over, passage, quarter, (other, this) side, straight.
Eber's decendants were named Hebrews, so as to show forth in picture and type of that which was to become of them, echoing both the crossing of the river of exodus and isodus (out/in), painting a spiritual picture of the river of life, which, by law, some angels sinned, having left their own habitaion.
Heb 9:9 Which was a figure for the time then present...
Remember, this flesh life is but a faint showing forth of that which is true and real:
2Co 5:1 For we know that if our earthly house of this tabernacle were dissolved, we have a building of God, a house not made with hands, eternal in the heavens.
2Co 4:17 For our light affliction, which is but for a moment, worketh for us a far more exceeding and eternal weight of glory;
2Co 4:18 While we look not at the things which are seen, but at the things which are not seen: for the things which are seen are temporal; but the things which are not seen are eternal.
1Jo 5:6 This is he that came by water and blood, even Jesus Christ; not by water only, but by water and blood. And it is the Spirit that beareth witness, because the Spirit is truth.
Joh 3:3 Jesus answered and said unto him, Verily, verily, I say unto thee, Except a man be born from the above, he cannot see the kingdom of God.
Joh 3:5 Jesus answered, Verily, verily, I say unto thee, Except a man be born of water and of the Spirit, he cannot enter into the kingdom of God.
1Jo 5:8 And there are three that bear witness in earth, the spirit, and the water, and the blood: and these three agree in one.
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bump. It's a new semester; new students are enrolled in the Christian Free Internet Bible College where you are the degree ![[Big Grin]](biggrin.gif)
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http://www.bible.ca/d-christians-are-hebrews-etymology.htm
Hebrew: Likely derived from "to cross over", meaning: sojourner in a foreign land.
Etymological origin of "Hebrew" and spiritual application to Christians:
1. The first time the word "Hebrew" is used in the Bible is in Gen 14:13. Just as Abraham is first called a "Hebrew" in Gen 14:13, so also the disciples first called Christians in Acts 11:26.
2. The etymological origin of "Hebrew" is uncertain. The most likely origin of word "ibri" [Hebrew] is derived from "br" which means "to cross over a boundary". (ISBE, revised, Hebrew) Included in this thought is that a "Hebrew" would be one "who crossed over" or one who went from place to place, a nomad, a wanderer, an alien. This designation that would fit some aspects of patriarchal behavior. If this is correct, then a Hebrew is one who travels into another land as a nomad and resides as an alien. It also means that the term has origins outside of Palestine and is a common expression that was etymologically modified from a nomad to specific ethnic group (Jews) whose origin was nomadic through Abram.
3. The likely fact that the word Hebrew means "sojourner" underscores the importance of the land promise. Further, while possessing the land, they would always be reminded by the root meaning of their name, "Hebrew" that the land was a gift given to their forefathers who, for 500 years, were literally "Hebrews" in the "alien" sense of the word. This means that calling Palestine "the land of the Hebrews" in Gen 40:15 was a deliberate paradox, for sojourners don’t have a land! Notice the powerful history of the Jewish people as sojourners: (Hebrews)
Abram, crossing the Euphrates or Jordan, when he was told by God to leave the land of Ur in central Mesopotamia: Heb 11:9-10
Abraham, Isaac and Jacob were all characterized by nomadic living in a foreign land: Heb. 11:13f
Moses was described as an alien in the land of Midian: Acts 7:6
The Jews, like Abram, were said to sojourn in Egypt 430 years. (Acts 7:6; 13:17)
The Israelites crossed the Jordan itself to enter the promised land: Joshua 1:2 Although the Jews were no longer considered literal sojourners after Joshua crossed the Jordan and entered the promised land, yet Heb 4:8, shows that they were still spiritual sojourners of the same city Abraham looked for: Heaven.
4. The word "Hebrew" is used exclusively in the New Testament as a literal ethnic sect and never in a spiritualized way, (as the word "Israel" and "Jew" are spiritually applied to Christians: Rom 2:28; 9:6.) Having said this, Christians are described as offspring of Abraham by faith, not flesh in Galatians 3:7,27. This strongly implies that Christians are Hebrews, although the NT never calls them such. Further Eph 2:12-14 teaches that Christians are part of the "commonwealth of Israel."
5. There are two other secondary uses of the concept of one who "crosses over" that may be an allusion to the original meaning of the word "Hebrew" as one who "crosses over".
The idea of "crossing over" is also used twice of Hades as a barrier between saved and lost: Luke 16:26.
Spiritually Christians "cross over" from darkness to light: Col 1:13.
6. Jehovah calls Himself "the God of the Hebrews" (ie God of those who cross over or nomads) to Moses in Ex 3:18, perhaps in a deliberate double play on words in preparation for their soon "crossing over" the Red Sea (Heb 11:29). Moses walks in and says to Pharaoh that the "God of the nomads [Hebrews]" demands that he release His people so that they can resume their "sojourning". Perhaps the message Pharaoh got was that having "Hebrews [nomads]" in Egypt, where they cannot sojourn, is like caging a bird or preventing pigs from wallowing. God’s people are by nature, sojourners.
7. Christians likewise "cross the sea" at baptism: 1 Cor 10:1-2 in an unmistakable antitype. Just as the Hebrews "crossed over" from darkness of Egypt to the neutral light of Egypt... then again the Jordan to the positive light of Palestine, so too Christians IN LIKE MANNER earn their "HEBREW" name by crossing the Red Sea of baptism, from darkness of sin to the light of salvation. Christians are currently in the "wilderness" awaiting to cross the Jordan into eternal rest at the second coming of Christ!
8. The idea of "Abram the Hebrew", as a nomad/wanderer and alien/sojourner (Hebrews 11:13-16), is also directly applied to Christians in 1 Pet 1:1,17; 2:11; Eph 2:19, with Abram as a foreshadow.
9. Abram was a physical/literal sojourner up until Gen 15:8,18, when he was told he would personally not inherit the land, but his descendants would 500 years later. After Gen 15:18 Abram changed from a physical sojourner to a spiritual sojourner as Heb 11:13-16 clearly teaches. Up until Gen 15, Abram was looking for a physical inheritance. After Gen 15, Abram started looking for a spiritual inheritance... JUST like Christians!
10. Yet even when the Jews finally did inherit the physical land in Joshua 1:2, they really hadn’t "entered into the rest" that God intended for them. (Heb 4:8) Like Abraham, they were still sojourning for that spiritual land of heaven! (Heb 11:13-16)
11. So Abram changed from a physical sojourner to a spiritual sojourner when he learned he would never inherit the physical land in Gen 15; and the Jews changed from a physical to spiritual sojourner the moment they crossed the Jordan to actually inherit the physical land. So God’s people, from Abram to the Jews, to Christians have always been "Hebrews" or aliens sojourning for the heavenly land!
12. Eph 2:11-19 adds another interesting point to all this. It says that the Gentiles were once "Hebrews" [strangers and aliens] in regard to the physical Jews [commonwealth of Israel], but not as Christians, they are NO LONGER "strangers and aliens" but are fellow citizens of the true promised land: Heaven (Phil 3:20). In other words, Christians in one sense, have inherited heaven now in that they are citizens now, but in another sense, they must wait for the second coming to enter into that spiritual kingdom that God will grant the righteous!
13. Three words that are related to the word "Hebrew" as one who "crosses over", is used of both Abraham and Christians in an unmistakable antitype:
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A Servant of Christ,
Drew
1 Tim. 3:
16: And without controversy great is the mystery of godliness: God was manifest in the flesh..
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Understanding this better also fleshes out these verses more for us:
Genesis 43:32
And they set on for him {Joseph} by himself, and for them {Joseph's 11 brothers} by themselves, and for the Egyptians who did eat with him {Joseph}, by themselves: because the Egyptians might not eat bread with the Hebrews; for that is an abomination unto the Egyptians.
Exodus 2:6
And when she had opened it, she saw the child: and, behold, the baby wept. And she had compassion on him, and said, This is one of the Hebrews' children.
Exodus 2:13
And when he {Moses} went out the second day, look, two men of the Hebrews strove together: and he said to him who did the wrong, Why did you strike your fellow?
Exodus 3:18
And they shall hearken to your voice {Moses}: and you shall come, you and the elders of Israel, to the {Hamite} king of Egypt, and you shall say to him, The LORD God of the Hebrews hath met with us; and now let us go, we beseech you, three days' journey into the wilderness, that we may sacrifice to the LORD our God.
1 Samuel 4
6 And when the Philistines heard the noise of the shout, they said, What is the meaning of the noise of this great shout in the camp of the Hebrews? And they understood that the ark of the LORD had come into the camp.
Luke 23:38
And a superscription also was written over Him in letters of Greek, and Latin, and Hebrew, THIS IS THE KING OF THE JEWS.
Philippians 3:5
{Paul said he was} circumcised the eighth day, of the stock of Israel, of the tribe of Benjamin, a Hebrew of the Hebrews; as touching the law, a Pharisee.
Acts 21:40
And when he had given him permission, Paul stood on the stairs, and beckoned with the hand to the people. And when there was made a great silence, he spoke to them in the Hebrew language ...
Acts 22:2
(And when they heard that he spoke in the Hebrew language to them, they kept the more silence ....
Acts 26:14
And when we were all fallen to the earth, I {Paul on the road to Damascus} heard a voice speak to me, saying in the Hebrew language, Saul, Saul, why do you persecute me? It is hard for you to kick against the pricks.
May the LORD God of the Hebrews also bless us. And thanks to His Son for the ![[Cross]](graemlins/cross.gif) BORN AGAIN
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But it is further also very likely that the original Eberites dwelled beyond or north of the Euphrates river, because of one phrase in Genesis 10:25, namely that in the days of Peleg the earth was divided.
I think that this division of the earth which occurred in the days of Peleg refers to the dispersion of the one people who were all still with Noah at Babel (Babylon)-on-the-Euphrates, from which the LORD dispersed the one people of Noah into the nations.
The one people were all still with Noah at Babel-on-the-Euprhates and they were beginning to build a kingdom for themselves at Babel instead of overspreading the earth as the LORD had commanded in Genesis 1:
27 So God created man in His own image, in the image of God created He him; male and female created He them.
28 And God blessed them and said to them, "Be fruitful and multipy and replenish the earth and subdue it ….
But the one people were all still with Noah around Babel-on-the-Euphrates:
Genesis 11
1 And the whole earth was of one language and of one speech.
The above verse shows that all the people who were descended from Noah's sons Shem, Ham, and Japheth who had come out of the ark after the flood were now descended from Noah's sons Shem, Ham, and Japheth and they were all still together as one people with Noah in southcentral Iraq, at Babel (Babylon) along the southeast Euphrates river valley.
Genesis 11
2 And it came to pass, as they journeyed from the east??, they found a plain in the land of Shinar, and there they dwelled.
3 And they said to each other, "Come, let's make bricks and bake them thoroughly." And they used bricks instead of stone, and used slime for mortar.
4 And they also said, "Come, let's build ourselves a city which has a tower whose top may reach unto heaven; and let's make a name for ourselves {here}, lest we be scattered abroad upon the face of the earth."
5 Then the LORD {Jehovah} came down to see their city and its tower, which the children of men were now building.
6 And the LORD said, "Look, the people are one and they all have one language. And now this they begin to do. And now nothing will be restrained from them, what they imagine to do."
7 "Come, let Us go down and confound their language there, so that they cannot understand each other's speech {anymore}."
8 And so the LORD scattered them abroad from there on the face of the earth, and they stopped building the city.
9 Therefore is the name of that place called Babel (Babylon), because there the LORD confounded the language of all the earth; and from there the LORD scattered them abroad upon the face of the earth.
So let's go back again to Genesis 10:25 where it was said that in the days of Eber-Peleg was the earth divided:
Genesis 10
25 And to Eber were born two sons. The name of one son was Peleg; for in his days was the earth divided; and his brother's name was Joktan.
I think therefore that this scattering of the one people who were all still with Noah at Babel-on-the-Euphrates occurred in Eber-Peleg's days.
And so Eber, the father of Peleg, was still living around Babel-on-the-Euphrates before this scattering of the people occurred at Babel, so that Eber or Ibriy or Hebrew can also have meant the Eberites from beyond the river Euphrates, just as Shem-Eber-Peleg-Terah-Abraham-Isaac-Jacob-Joshua said in Joshua 24:23:
Joshua 24
23 If it seems evil to you to serve the LORD {Jehovah}, then choose this day whom you will serve; whether you serve the gods whom your fathers served on the other side of the flood....
This word flood in the Bible is always synonymous with the river Euphrates, and here Joshua is saying that when Shem-Eber-Peleg-Terah-Abraham lived at Harran on the Balikh river valley, they were beyond the flood or north of the Euphrates river, so that the Eber-Peleg-Terah-Abraham-Jacob/Israelites were also Hebrews in the sense of being from beyond the Euphrates river.
TO BE CONTINUED....
May the LORD God of the Hebrews bless us also. BORN AGAIN
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Why were the Jacob-Israelites called Hebrews?
Noah's son Shem was the father of the Eber, or Hebrews.
Genesis 10
21 To Shem also, the father of the children of Eber , …. children were born.
22 The children of Shem were Elam, Asshur, Arphaxad, Lud, and Aram.
24 And to Arphaxad was born Salah; and to Salah was born Eber
25 And to Eber were born two sons: the name of one son was Peleg; and in his days was the earth divided. And the name of Eber's second son was Joktan.
31 These are the sons of Shem, according to their families, and according to their tongues, in their lands, according to their nations.
32 These are the families of the sons of Noah, after their generations, in their nations; and by these were nations divided in the earth after the flood.
The Jacob-Israelites came from Shem-Eber-Peleg.
But Shem-Eber-Peleg had a full brother, Shem-Eber-Joktan, who went south into Arabia and took possesion of southcentral Arabia and south Arabia, which became the strong and wealthy kingdom of Shem-Eber-Joktan, or of the Eber-Joktanites, who took possession of southcentral and south Arabia.
For intance, one of the sons of Shem-Eber-Joktan was Hazar-maveth:
Genesis 10
26 And to Joktan were born Almodad, Sheleph, and Hazar-maveth ….
Even in 2005 of our own time, an atlas of the coastland of south Arabia is still callled Hazar-maveth.
The Shemite Eber-Joktan kingdom of southcentral and south Arabia was wealthy and strong, and may even have forced the Hamite Kushites out of south Arabia and forced the Hamite Kushites across the narrow Red Sea into southeast Kush Nubia and into northcentral and east Sudan.
But the full brother of Shem-Eber-Joktan was Shem-Eber-Peleg, from whom came the Shem-Eber-Peleg-Jacob-Israelites.
I have seen and heard it taught that the Shem-Eber-Peleg Jacob-Israelites were called Hebrews because the Hebrews came from the other (or north) side of the Euphrates river valley.
But while I think it is true that the Hebrews did also come from the other or north side of the Euphrates river valley, I think that there was a more important reason why the Eber-Peleg-Jacob-Israelites were called Hebrews, and that is because the Jacob-Israelites were descended from Eber.
The word Eber is English, but in Hebrew it is Ibriy or Hebrew in English.
Jacob's son Joseph said in Egypt that Joseph was stolen out of the land of the Hebrews:
Genesis 40
15 {Joseph said} For indeed I was stolen away out of the land of the Hebrews….
Now brothers and sisters, Joseph was captured by his brothers and sold as a slave at Dothan which was in north Canaan, in what later became north Samaria, while Joseph's father Jacob was still sojourning in the land of Canaan and dwelling with his large camp in the valley of Hebron, in the very same Hebron valley which we know today.
Question: If being a Hebrew meant being from the other or north side of the Euphrates river, then how can Joseph say that he was stolen from the land of the Hebrews when Joseph was stolen from Dothan in the land of Canaan?
For that reason, I am more inclined to think that the Jacob-Israelites are called Hebrews simply because they are descended from Shem-Eber-Peleg. They are from Eber or Ibriy and are H-ebr-ews.
In English the name Eber , but in Hebrew the name is Ibriy from which English gets Hebrews.
The Hebrew language did not use vowels, so we need to look at the consonants of the Hebrew words, and so we see the consonants br in the name Eber and in the name Ibriy and in the name Hebrew.
The Jacob-Israelites were called Hebrews because they were descended from Eber, and so Hebrews or descendants from Eber could also be found at Dothan in the land of Canaan, like Joseph.
That is, the Jacob-Israelites were called Hebrews because they were descended from Shem-Eber-Peleg.
And if that is true, then the tribe of Shem-Eber-Joktan were also Hebrews because they were full brother to Peleg and both were the sons of Eber.
In that regard, it is very interesting that the religion of Islam came out of Arabia around 640?? of our time, out of the country which originally belonged to Shem-Eber-Joktan, the other Hebrews.
And how interesting it is that these Arabians who probably were descendants of Shem-Eber-Joktan created Islam and that Islam borrowed almost the same cast of characters from the Old Testament of his full brother Eber-Peleg Jacob-Israel's tribe around 630 of our time, and called Islam's book the Qu'ran, almost as if to compete as a Hebrew that the Shem-Hebrew tribe of Joktan has the right to the throne of the King of kings instead of Shem-Hebrew-Peleg Jacob-Israelite Messiah Yeshua.
Now we know who the Hebrews are, and the side that will win this battle is the Eber-Peleg side, not the Eber-Joktan side of the family.
TO BE CONTINUED...
May the LORD God of the Hebrews bless us also. BORN AGAIN
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