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Author Topic: (SPIONs)
WildB
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Superparamagnetic nanoparticle delivery of DNA vaccine
Fatin Nawwab Al-Deen 1 , Cordelia Selomulya, Charles Ma, Ross L Coppel

Affiliations
PMID: 24715289 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-0410-5_12

Abstract

The efficiency of delivery of DNA vaccines is often relatively low compared to protein vaccines. The use of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) to deliver genes via magnetofection shows promise in improving the efficiency of gene delivery both in vitro and in vivo.

In particular, the duration for gene transfection especially for in vitro application can be significantly reduced by magnetofection compared to the time required to achieve high gene transfection with standard protocols. SPIONs that have been rendered stable in physiological conditions can be used as both therapeutic and diagnostic agents due to their unique magnetic characteristics.

Valuable features of iron oxide nanoparticles in bioapplications include a tight control over their size distribution, magnetic properties of these particles, and the ability to carry particular biomolecules to specific targets. The internalization and half-life of the particles within the body depend upon the method of synthesis.

Numerous synthesis methods have been used to produce magnetic nanoparticles for bioapplications with different sizes and surface charges. The most common method for synthesizing nanometer-sized magnetite Fe3O4 particles in solution is by chemical coprecipitation of iron salts. The coprecipitation method is an effective technique for preparing a stable aqueous dispersions of iron oxide nanoparticles.

We describe the production of Fe3O4-based SPIONs with high magnetization values (70 emu/g) under 15 kOe of the applied magnetic field at room temperature, with 0.01 emu/g remanence via a coprecipitation method in the presence of trisodium citrate as a stabilizer.

Naked SPIONs often lack sufficient stability, hydrophilicity, and the capacity to be functionalized. In order to overcome these limitations, polycationic polymer was anchored on the surface of freshly prepared SPIONs by a direct electrostatic attraction between the negatively charged SPIONs (due to the presence of carboxylic groups) and the positively charged polymer.

Polyethylenimine was chosen to modify the surface of SPIONs to assist the delivery of plasmid DNA into mammalian cells due to the polymer's extensive buffering capacity through the "proton sponge" effect.

source


Dr. Lee Merritt has been tracking covid vaccine adverse reactions and seemingly bizarre technologies that are rumored to be part of the inoculation mix. She discus's some of the buzz about superparamagnetic nanoparticles and SPIONs, which have been used in experimental medicine to invade neurological tissues and physically alter the behavior of lab mice.

Why are so many people who took the vaccine now behaving like mind-warped zombies? We don’t know all the answers, but there sure are a lot of questions that need to be raised.

Watch the full interview here:

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That is all.....

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